Foreigners in the Russian Baltic fleet in 1722 in the light of British documents

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15633/tes.09205

Keywords:

Peter I, Russia, Russian Baltic flee, England, diplomacy

Abstract

Even before the Great Northern War, Tsar Peter I began building the Russian Baltic Fleet, which played a very important military role in the second phase of that conflict in the aforementioned body of water. Before the conflict, Russia did not have a sufficient number of ships and educated officers, master shipbuilders, or skilled shipyard workers. As a result, foreigners were hired, who were in the vast majority of the Russian fleet at the time. They also received very high honoraria, as mentioned in the reports of British diplomats from Russia, which will be the source basis for this discussion. They did not overlook the training of their cardinals both at home and in other European countries. Ships, on the other hand, which formed the basis of the Baltic fleet, were most often purchased from England and the Netherlands. Based on the surviving documents of British diplomats, it is possible to reconstruct the state of the fleet and the composition of the foreigners serving in it, the number of fees they received, and the number of ships purchased abroad for the Russian Navy.

References

Źródła

The National Archives in Kew (London), State Papers Foreign, Russia, 91/9.

Źródła drukowane

Britain and Russia in the age of Peter the Great. Historical Documents, S. Dixon, A.G. Cross, W.G. Jones, M.S. Anderson, R.P. Bartlett, P. Dukes, J.M. Hartley, L. Hughes, L.R. Lewitter, I. de Madariaga, W.F. Ryan (eds.), London 1998, s. 1–308.

Materialy dlia istorii russkogo flota, t. 4, Sankt-Peterburg 1867, s. 1–740.

Opracowania

Chernikov S.V., Evoliutsiia vysshego komandovaniia rossiiskoi armii i flota pervoi chetverti XVIII veka, „Cahiers du Monde russe”, 50 (10–12.2009), nr 4, s. 699–735.

Davis B., The officers of The Baltic Fleet [w:] Eighteenth-Century Naval Officers. A Transnational Perspective, E. Wilson, A.S. Hammar, J. Seerup (eds.), Newport 2019, s. 185–212.

Den D., Istoriia Rossiiskogo flota v tsarstvovanie Petra Velikogo, Sankt-Peterburg 1897, s. 1–108.

Gierowski J.A., Z dziejów stosunku Anglii do Gdańska w początkach XVIII wieku, „Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka”, 2 (1975), s. 333–342.

Krokosz P., Ludzie reformy, „Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego”, 1256 (2002), Prace Historyczne, nr 129, s. 111–122.

Krokosz P., Rosyjskie siły zbrojne za panowania Piotra I, Kraków 2010, s. 1–427.

Krotov P.A., Rossiiskii flot na Baltike pri Petre Velikom, Sankt-Peterburg 2017, s. 1–744.

Krotov P.A., Akishin M.O., Vitse-Admiral N.A. Seniavin (1681–1738), Sankt-Peterburg 2022, s. 1–308.

Malyshev L.A., Morskaia leĭb-gvardii Rossii (1690–1918 gg.), Sankt-Peterburg 2015, s. 1–90.

Mazur T.P, Moriaki iz Niderlandov i ikh potomki na sluzhbe v Rossiiskom voenno-morskom flote [w:] Rossiia-Niderlandy, Dialog kul’tur v evropeiskom prostranstve, Sankt-Peterburg 2014, s. 273–283.

Murdoch S., Surfing the Waves: Scottish Admirals in Russia in their Baltic. Context, „Journal of Irish and Scottish Studies”, 3 (2010), no. 2, s. 59–86.

Sawicki M., Rosyjskie siły lądowe i flota bałtycka w 1715 i 1719 roku w świetle raportów brytyjskich, „Wschodni Rocznik Humanistyczny”, 17 (2020), nr 2, s. 157–169.

Serczyk W.A., Piotr I Wielki, Wrocław–Warszawa–Kraków–Gdańsk 1997, s. 1–264.

Tredrea J., Sozaev E., Russian warships in the age of sail 1696–1860. Design, construction, careers and fates, Barnsley 2010, s. 1–447.

Vizelago F., Kratkaia istoriia russkogo flota, Moskva 1939, s. 1–304.

Netografia

Durov I. G., „Imet’ staranie o plat’e svoem, i byt’ vsegda chistu, kak v plat’e, tak i v bel’e…”. Veshchevoe obespechenie voennykh i morskikh chinov v XVIII veke, http://history.milportal.ru/veshhevoe-obespechenie-voennyx-i-morskix-chinov-v-xviii-veke/?print=print [dostęp: 17.02.2023].

Durov I.G., Organizatsiia voennogo chinoproizvodstva v Russkoi reguliarnoi armii i voenno-morskom flote v epokhu Petra Velikogo, http://www.reenactor.ru/ARH/PDF/Dyrov_13.pdf [dostęp: 17.02.2023].

Kenneth Cozens, 18th century shipbuilders & the building of the Russian fleet of Peter the Great, https://www.academia.edu/12319223/18th_CENTURY_SHIPBUILDERS_and_THE_BUILDING_OF_THE_RUSSIAN_FLEET_OF_PETER_THE_GREAT [dostęp: 15.01.2023].

Labutina T.L., Britanskii diplomat i razvedchik Charl’z Uitvort pri dvore Petra I, http://www.reenactor.ru/ARH/PDF/Labytina_01.pdf [dostęp: 21.01.2023].

Nekrasov G.A., Voenno-Morskie sily Rossii na Baltike v pervoi chetyerti XVIII v., http://www.reenactor.ru/ARH/PDF/Nekrasov.pdf [dostęp: 17.02.2023].

Downloads

Published

2024-09-10

Issue

Section

Articles

Similar Articles

1-10 of 43

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.