Gogacz – Judycki. Two conceptions of human individuality
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15633/lie.796Keywords:
dualism, human, individuality, Thomism, phenomenologyAbstract
The aim of this article is to present the two concepts of human individuality that have arisen in the modern Polish philosophy of Mieczysław Gogacz and Stanisław Judycki. It is an attempt to look at the problem from two different philosophical perspectives: Thomistic metaphysics and phenomenological epistemology. The metaphysical approach is the searching for an answer to the question about human individuality in their ontic structure, whereas the phenomenological approach focuses on the analysis of a direct experience. Gogacz indicates the potential intellect (passive) subjected in a substantial form (soul), as the reason for individuality. Judycki maintains that this reason is the concept of God, who creates the soul of every human being as radically different from all other human souls, unique. The theories presented develop from a different way of understanding the human being. Gogacz’s theory has a substantial character and refers to the same concept of the human as Aristotle, Boethius and St. Thomas Aquinas. Judycki’s concept is a relational approach, modified by elements of substantialist philosophy. He refers to the relational approach of Plato, Saint Augustine and Descartes as well as the substantialist theories of Aristotle and St. Thomas Aquinas. Thomistic and phenomenological approaches to individuality introduce fundamentally different and essential substance to philosophy concerning human beings.References
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