From experience to gift. Reflections on life as disclosed to consciousness. Part 1

Autor

  • Mátyás Szalay International Academy of Philosophy, Granada

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15633/lie.1796

Słowa kluczowe:

life, phenomenology, event, experience, encounter

Abstrakt

In the following meditation I investigate how life is disclosed to human consciousness. I use phenomenology to avoid reducing life to the natural sphere has to avoid the common mistake of objectifying it, that is, of taking life as something, as a property of being. A more justified phenomenological approach that remains open to the supernatural character of life would focus rather on how life is given to consciousness. The starting point for my analysis is the observation that before life is thematically given as such it is somehow always already disclosed in any conscious experience. Life gives itself in a tacit and discreet way.
I offer an itinerary: from the point of a deepened understanding of the silent disclosure of life, towards a reflected recognition of life as divine gift.
Before any philosophical investigation begins, the first impediment itself present in the drama of life that one must overcome is evil. The phenomenon of life is overshadowed by evil and its meaning is fragmented.
Life remains unperceived in those experiences that are not thematically concerned with life as such. It is an explicitly phenomenological task to discover those formal aspects that reveal the nature of life in all conscious events prior to any ‘experience’ in the full sense. Investigating the process of transforming a ‘conscious flux’ as an immediate and yet unreflected experience to a reflected one with an already clarified specific meaning is indispensable to see how life that is originally given remains unnoticed until it is manifested in experiences through which it is thematically given. I shall also investigate the different modes of reduction of the originally given life to experience.
In my conclusion I argue that despite the general fragmentation life presents itself to consciousness there is a profound unity of ‘vital­‑experiences’: they all refer to the same ultimate origin, i.e. the self­‑disclosure of life as such.

Biogram autora

  • Mátyás Szalay - International Academy of Philosophy, Granada
    Mátyás Szalay, Hungary (1978) – Assistant professor at the International Academy of Philo­sophy­‑Instituto de Filosofía Edith Stein and the Instituto de Teología “Lumen Gentium” (Grana­da), where he teaches cosmology, philosophy of human sciences and aesthetics. Mátyás studied philosophy and German Philo­logy in Buda­pest (ELTE Univ.) and completed his PhD in Philosophy at the International Academy of Philosophy in Liechtenstein with a work on the phenomenology of encounter. His main field of interest is philosophy of religion. He has published numerous translations as well as articles on friendship, conversion, testimony and imagination. Dr. Szalay is Assistant editor and editor of two anthologies on realist phenomenology: Anthologie der realistischen Phänomenologie, eds. J. Seifert, C. M. Gueye, Walter de Gruyter, 2009 (Realistische Phänomenologie / Realist Phenomenology, 1) and Mi a fenomenológia? Szöveggyűjtemény a realista fenomenológiához: Adolf Reinach – Edith Stein – Dietrich von Hil­de­brand, eds. M. Szalay, P. Sárkány, Budapest 2010. He is author of the book Bevezetés a hivatás filozófiájába, Budapest 2015.

Bibliografia

Beckmann B., Phänomenologie des religiösen Erlebnisses. Religionsphilosophische Über­legungen im Anschluss an Adolf Reinach und Edith Stein, Würzburg 2003.

Bonaventure, Opera omnia, vol. 5, Quaracchi, 1891.

Carr D., Husserl’s problematic concept of life­‑world, [in:] Husserl: expositions and ­appraisals, eds. F. A. Elliston, P. J. McCormick, Notre Dame 1977.

Chrétien J.-L., The unforgettable and the unhoped for, New York 2002 (Perspectives in Continental Philosophy, 26).

Derrida J., La voix et le phénomène. Introduction au problème du signe dans la phénoméno­logie de Husserl, Paris 1967 (Collection Épiméthée).

Dilthey W., Der Aufbau der geschichtlichen Welt in den Geisteswissenschaften, Göttingen 1992 (Wilhelm Dilthey, Gesammelte Schriften, 7).

Gilson E., Die Philosophie des hl. Bonaventura, Köln–Olten 1960.

Habermas J., Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns, Bd. 1: Handlungsrationalität und gesellschaftliche Rationalisierung, Bd. 2: Zur Kritik der funktionalistischen Vernunft, Frankfurt am Main 1981.

Heidegger M., Beiträge zur Philosophie. Vom Ereignis, Frankfurt am Main 1989 (Gesamt­ausgabe, 65).

Heidegger M., Das Eregnis (1941/42), Hrsg. F.-W. von Herrmann, Frankfurt am Main 2009 (Gesamtausgabe, 71).

Heidegger M., The phenomenology of religious life, [Bloomington] 2010.

Henry M., Voir l’invisible, [Paris] 1988.

Henry M., Incarnation, [Paris] 2000.

Hildebrand D. von, Das Cogito und die Erkenntnis der realen Welt. Teilveröffentlichung der Salzburger Vorlesungen Hildebrands (Salzburg, Herbst 1964): “Wesen und Wert menschlicher Erkenntnis” (7. und 8. Vorlesung), “Aletheia” 6/1993–1994 (1994), p. 2–27.

Hildebrand D. von, Ästhetik, 1. Teil, Stuttgart 1977 (Gesammelte Werke, 5).

Hildebrand D. von, Die Idee der sittlichen Handlung, Darmstadt 19692.

Hildebrand D. von, Die Umgestaltung in Christus. Über christliche Grundhaltung, Regens­burg 19715 (Gesammelte Werke, 10).

Hildebrand D. von, Ethics, Chicago 19782.

Hildebrand D. von, Ethik, Stuttgart 1971.

Hildebrand D. von, Moralia. Nachgelassenes Werk, Regensburg 1980 (Gesammelte Werke, 9).

Hölderlin F., Brot und Wein (1800–1801).

Husserl E., Die Krisis der europäischen Wissenschaften und die transzendentale Phäno­menologie. Eine Einleitung in die phänomenologische Philosophie, Hrsg. W. Bie­mel, Nachdruck der 2. verb. Auflage, Haag 1976.

Husserl E., The crisis of European sciences and transcendental phenomenology: an introduction to phenomenological philosophy, [Evanston] 1970.

Husserl E., Zur Phänomenologie des inneren Zeitbewusstseins, Hrsg. R. Boehm, Haag 1966 (Husserliana: Edmund Husserl Gesammelte Werke, 10).

Khurana T., “…besser, dass etwas geschieht”. Zum Ereignis bei Derrida, [in:] Ereignis auf Französisch: von Bergson bis Deleuze, Hrsg. M. Rölli, München 2004, p. 235–257.

Löwith K., Heidegger – Denker in dürftiger Zeit, Stuttgart 1983.

Marion J.-L., La phénomène saturé, [in:] Phénomenologie et théologie, éd. J.-F. Courtine, Paris 1992.

McCormick P., The negative sublime, [Heidelberg] 2003.

Martin Heidegger: Sein und Zeit, Hrsg. T. Rentsch, [Berlin] 2015 (Klassiker Auslegen, 25).

Saint Augustin, Confessions, trans. by H. Chadwick, Oxford 1991.

Schaeffer R., Erfahrung als Dialog mit der Wirklichkeit. Eine Untersuchung zur Logik der Erfahrung, Freiburg 1995.

Seifert J., Karol Cardinal Wojtyła (Pope John Paul II) as philosopher and the Cracow/Lublin School of Philosophy, “Aletheia” 2 (1981), p. 130–199.

Seifert J., Back to “things in themselves”. A phenomenological foundation for classical realism, London 1987.

Thomas Aquinas, De aeternitate mundi, http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/aquinas­‑

eternity.html, trans. by Robert T. Miller, 1991, 1997.

Wojtyła K., Love and responsibility, San Francisco 1993.

Wojtyła K., The acting person, Boston 1979.

Opublikowane

2016-10-10

Numer

Dział

Artykuły

Podobne artykuły

11-20 z 137

Możesz również Rozpocznij zaawansowane wyszukiwanie podobieństw dla tego artykułu.