Leo Tolstoy and Peter Chaadaev: Two Ways to Overcome the Spiritual Crisis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15633/lie.1967Keywords:
Peter Chaadaev, Leo Tolstoy, spiritual crisis, religious experience, religious concepts, historyAbstract
Tolstoy and Chaadaev represented two completely different ways to overcome the religious crisis, which still have much in common. There is the similarity of approaches: the panentheistic trends and the tendency in religious utopianism is the idea of creating the perfect human kingdom, a call to build God’s kingdom on earth. The difference between their approaches hinges on an acceptance or rejection of human culture and history. From the perspective of Leo Tolstoy, faith and Christianity are opposed to culture. In terms of Peter Chaadaev’s work, faith, Christianity, and the Church provide “unity through religion,” which is the real power forming and guarding the historical process. This ecclesiality of Chaadaev’s has a highly conditional and uncertain character, and there is an obvious shift from a soteriological to a social component.References
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