Zanim odleciały „dzikie gęsi”. Dwa oblężenia Athlone w czasie wojny irlandzkiej. Część 1: Zwycięstwo (1690)

Autor

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15633/tes.11102

Słowa kluczowe:

Athlone, Irlandia, jakobici, oblężenie, sztuka wojenna, twierdza, wojna irlandzka (1689–1691)

Abstrakt

Dwie obrony Athlone podczas wojny irlandzkiej w latach 1689–1691 były punktami zwrotnymi tego konfliktu. Pierwsza z nich, w 1690 roku, zatrzymała ofensywę wilhelmitów, gdy po zwycięstwie w bitwie pod Boyne i zdobyciu Dublina wydawało się, że w ciągu kilku tygodni podbiją całą Irlandię. Odparcie wilhelmitów spod Athlone umożliwiło skonsolidowanie linii obronnej wzdłuż rzeki Shannon i wzmocniło morale jakobitów, co z kolei doprowadziło do udanej obrony Limerick. Rok później role się odwróciły. Tym razem zdobycie Athlone pozwoliło wilhelmitom najpierw zaatakować Connacht — ostatnią nieokupowaną prowincję Irlandii i bazę zaopatrzeniową armii jakobitów — a następnie trzy odizolowane punkty oporu na zachodnim wybrzeżu. Dlatego upadek Athlone w 1691 roku zwiastował rychły koniec wojny o zachowanie irlandzkiego tronu Jakuba Stuarta.

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2025-03-31

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