Robes of the High Priest Eleazar Used During His Service in the Templein the Light of the “Letter of Aristeas to Philocrates” (§ 96–99)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15633/ps.28401Keywords:
Letter of Aristeas to Philocrates, Old Testament Apocryphal, High Priest’s robesAbstract
“The Letter of Aristeas to Philocrates” is one of the Judeo-Hellenistic apocrypha/pseudoepigrapha of the Old Testament from the 2nd century BC. The author of the Letter, identifying himself as Aristeas, reported his journey to Jerusalem, which he was supposed to make on the orders of the king Ptolemy II Philadelphus (316 — 246 BC) as part of a diplomatic mission. The purpose of this mission was to convey the king’s request to the high priest Eleazar to send appropriate experts to Alexandria who would translate the Mosaic Law into Greek. During the visit — according to the author of the Letter — he had the opportunity to see the high priest Eleazar performing liturgical service, dressed in high priestly robes which caused great admiration among those who saw him (cf. § 96). The aim of the article is to show the delight and general view of the author of the Letter on the clothes of the high priest Eleazar. The description in § 96–99 is a valuable source for research on high priestly vestments. In order to better understand the description of garments contained in the Letter, biblical and extra-biblical sources were cited. Undoubtedly, an attempt to present the high priestly vestments based on the account contained in the Letter may constitute an inspiration for further, detailed research on the individual elements of the high priest’s liturgical robes.
References
Andrews H. T., The Letter of Aristeas, w: The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament in English with Introductions and Critical and Explanatory Notes to the Several Books, vol. 2: Pseudepigrapha, ed. R. H. Charles, Oxford 1964, s. 83–122.
Baran G. M., Arcykapłan Jazon i jego zamierzenia wobec Jerozolimy w świetle Ksiąg Machabejskich, „The Biblical Annals” 3 (2013) nr 2, s. 261–284.
Baran G. M., Obraz Boga w Pierwszej Księdze Machabejskiej, „The Biblical Annals” 4 (2014) nr 2, s. 355–380.
Baran G. M., Wątki filozoficzne w „Liście Arysteasza do Filokratesa”, „Roczniki Kulturoznawcze” 14 (2023) nr 4, s. 49–79, https://doi.org/10.18290/rkult23144.3.
Bosak P. C., Arcykapłani Izraela. Leksykon, Kraków 2021.
Clemens Alexandrinus, Stromata, accurante J.-P. Migne, [Parisiis] 1857, col. 9–602 (Patrologiae cursus completus. Series Graeca, 9).
Dahood M., Psalms III. 101–150. Introduction, Translation, and Notes with an Appendix, the Grammar of the Psalter, New Haven–London 2008 (The Anchor Yale Bible).
Debrunner A. et al., λέγω etc., w: Theological Dictionary of the New Testament, vol. 4, ed. by G. Kittel, transl. and ed. by G. W. Bromiley, Grand Rapids 1985, s. 69–192.
Dupont J., Imię, w: Słownik teologii biblijnej, red. X. Léon-Dufour, tłum. i oprac. K. Romaniuk, Poznań 1994, s. 322–326.
Durham J. I., Exodus, Dallas 1987 (Word Biblical Commentary, 3).
The Greek Versions of the Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs. Edited from Nine Mss. Together with the Variants of the Armenian and Slavonic Versions and some Hebrew Fragments, ed. R. H. Charles, Oxford 1908.
Exodus, eds. J. W. Wevers, U. Quast, Göttingen 1991 (Septuaginta. Vetus Testamentum Graecum Auctoritate Academiae Scientiarum Gottingensis editum, II/1).
Flavii Iosephi Opera, vol. 1: Antiquitatum Iudaicarum Libri I–V, ed. B. Niese, Berolini 1887.
Flavi Iosephi, Opera omnia, Volumen Quintum, ed. S. A. Naber, Lipsiae 1895 (Bibliotheca Scriptorum Graecorum et Romanorum Teubneriana).
Frankowski J., Apokryfy, w: Wstęp ogólny do Pisma Świętego, red. J. Homerski, oprac. J. Drozd, Poznań–Warszawa 1973, s. 186–262 (Wstęp do Pisma Świętego, 1).
Frankowski J., List Arysteasza, czyli legenda o powstaniu Septuaginty, „Ruch Biblijny i Liturgiczny” 25 (1972) nr 1, s. 12–22, https://doi.org/10.21906/rbl.3175.
Hadas M., Aristeas to Philocrates (Letter of Aristeas), New York 1951 (Jewish Apocryphal Literature).
Hayward C. T. R., Jewish Temple. A Non-Biblical Sourcebook, London–New York 1996.
Hartley J. E., Leviticus, Dallas 1992 (Word Biblical Commentary, 4).
Hieronim ze Strydonu, Listy. Tom 2 (51–79), tekst łaciński i polski, oprac. M. Ożóg na podstawie tłum. ks. J. Czuja, tekst łac. H. Pietras, Kraków 2010 (Źródła Myśli Teologicznej, 55).
Jaroszyński P., Kalokagathía, w: Powszechna encyklopedia filozofii, t. 5, red. A. Maryniarczyk i in., Lublin 2004, s. 444–447.
Józef Flawiusz, Dawne dzieje Izraela, cz. 1, przeł. Z. Kubiak, J. Radożycki, wstęp E. Dąbrowski, W. Malej, komentarz J. Radożycki, Warszawa 2001.
Józef Flawiusz, Dawne dzieje Izraela, cz. 2, przeł. Z. Kubiak, J. Radożycki, wstęp E. Dąbrowski, W. Malej, komentarz J. Radożycki, Warszawa 2001.
Józef Flawiusz, Wojna żydowska, przeł., wstęp i kom. J. Radożycki, Warszawa 2016.
Klemens Aleksandryjski, Kobierce zapisków filozoficznych dotyczących prawdziwej wiedzy, t. 2, przeł., wstęp, komentarz, indeks J. Niemirska-Pliszczyńska, Warszawa 1994.
Koehler L., Baumgartner W., Stamm J. J., Wielki słownik hebrajsko-polski i aramejsko-polski, t. 1–2, red. wyd. pol. P. Dec, Warszawa 2008 (Prymasowska Seria Biblijna).
Kraus Reggiani C., La Lettera di Aristea a Filocrate. Introduzione, esame analitico, traduzione, Roma 1979.
Lemański J., Księga Wyjścia. Wstęp, przekład z oryginału, komentarz, Częstochowa 2009.
Liddell H. G., Scott R., Jones H. S., A Greek-English Lexicon. With a Revised Supplement, Oxford 1996.
Montanari F., The Brill Dictionary of Ancient Greek, eds. eng. ed. M. Goh, C. Schroeder, Leiden–Boston 2015.
Muraoka T., A Greek-English Lexicon of the Septuagint, Louvain–Paris–Walpole 2009.
Muraoka T., A Greek-Hebrew/Aramaic Two-way Index to Septuagint, Louvain–Paris–Walpole 2010.
Origenis, Commentariis in Psalmos. Psalmus II, w: Origenis Opera omnia, tomus secundus, accurante J.-P. Migne, [Parisiis] 1857, col. 1099–1118 (Patrologiae Cursus Completus. Series Graeca, 12).
Pelletier A., Lettre d’Aristée à Philocrate. Introduction, texte critique, traduction et notes, index complet des mots grecs, Paris 1962 (Sources Chrétiennes, 89).
Philonis Alexandrini Opera quae supersunt, vol. 4, ed. L. Cohn et al., Berolini 1902, https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112630266.
Poniży B., Księga Mądrości. Wstęp, przekład z oryginału, komentarz, Częstochowa 2012 (Nowy Komentarz Biblijny. Stary Testament, 20).
Rad G. von, Kittel G., δοκέω etc., w: Theological Dictionary of the New Testament, vol. 2, ed. by G. Kittel, transl. and ed. by G. W. Bromiley, Grand Rapids 1983, s. 232–255.
Rambiert-Kwaśniewska A., Terminologia tekstylna w Biblii Hebrajskiej i Septuagincie. Szaty, dodatki i tekstylia użytkowe, Wrocław 2023.
Sawa R., Lagidzi, w: Encyklopedia katolicka, t. 10, red. E. Ziemann i in., Lublin 2004, kol. 374–378.
Schrenk G., ἱερός etc., w: Theological Dictionary of the New Testament, vol. 3, ed. by G. Kittel, transl. and ed. by G. W. Bromiley, Grand Rapids 1984, s. 221–283.
Septuaginta. Id est Vetus Testamentum graece iuxta LXX interpretes, ed. A. Rahlfs, Stuttgart 1979.
Septuaginta, czyli Biblia Starego Testamentu wraz z księgami deuterokanonicznymi i apokryfami żydowskimi oraz onomastykonem, przeł., przypisy i wstęp R. Popowski, Warszawa 2014 (Prymasowska Seria Biblijna).
Shutt R. J. H., Letter of Aristeas (Third Century B. C. — First Century A. D.). A New Translation and Introduction, w: The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha, vol. 2: Expansions of the “Old Testament” and Legends, Wisdom and Philosophical Literature, Prayers, Psalms and Odes, Fragments of Lost Judeo-Hellenistic Works, New Translations from Authoritative Texts with Introductions and Critical Notes by an International Team of Scholars, ed. by J. H. Charlesworth, Peabody 1983, s. 7–34.
Słownik grecko-polski, A–K, t. 1, na podstawie słownika Z. Węclewskiego, oprac. O. Jurewicz, Warszawa 2000.
Słownik grecko-polski, Λ–Ω, t. 2, na podstawie słownika Z. Węclewskiego, oprac. O. Jurewicz, Warszawa 2001.
Suidae Lexicon, ed. I. Bekker, Berolini 1854.
The Letter of Aristeas. Translated with an Appendix of Ancient Evidence on the Origin of the Septuagint, transl. H. St J. Thackeray, London–New York 1917 (Translations of Early Documents. Series 2. Hellenistic-Jewish Texts).
Tronina A., Księga Kapłańska. Wstęp, przekład z oryginału, komentarz, Częstochowa 2006 (Nowy Komentarz Biblijny. Stary Testament, 3).
VanderKam J. C., From Joshua to Caiaphas. High Priest after the Exile, Minneapolis 2004, https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004495333.
Vaux R. de, Instytucje Starego Testamentu, t. 1–2, przeł. T. Brzegowy, Poznań 2004.
Walters P. (Katz), The Text of the Septugint. Its Corruptions and their Emendation, ed. D. W. Gooding, Cambridge 1973.
Wendland P., Aristeas, Letter of, w: Jewish Encyclopedia. A Descriptive Record of the History, Religion, Literature, and Customs of the Jewish People from the Earliest Times to the Present Day, vol. 2, ed. I. Singer et al., New York–London 1902, s. 92–94.
Wendland P., Der Brief des Aristeas, w: Die Apokryphen und Pseudepigraphen des Alten Testaments, Bd. 2: Die Pseudepigraphen des Alten Testaments, Hrsg. E. Kautzsch, Tübingen–Freiburg–Leipzig 1900, s. 1–31.
Winston D., The Wisdom of Solomon. A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary, New Haven–London 2008 (The Anchor Yale Bible).
Wojciechowski M., List Pseudo-Arysteasza, „Studia Theologica Varsaviensia” 40 (2002) nr 1, s. 121 [1]–167 [47].
Wright III B. G., The Letter of Aristeas. ‘Aristeas to Philocratesʼ or ‘On the Translation of the Law of the Jewsʼ, Berlin–Boston 2015 (Commentaries on Early Jewish Literature), https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110431346.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Grzegorz Baran
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain the copyright and full publishing rights without restrictions, and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
